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  <title>The Linux Kernel Archives</title>
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<body>
    <h1>The Linux Kernel Archives</h1>

  <p class="headtext">
    Welcome to the Linux Kernel Archives. This is the primary site
    for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just
    Linux kernels. <br/><span style="font-size:75%"><a
    href="faq">Frequently Asked Questions</a></span></p>
  <div id="container">
    <div id="directory">
      <table style="margin-top:10px">
        <tr>
        <td class="plain">
  	  <table>
  	   <tr>
  	      <th colspan="2">
  	        <a href="http://www.kernel.org">
	         <img src="/mirrors/countries/flags/us.png" width="61" height="32" hspace="10" alt="US" />
	         <img src="/mirrors/countries/flags/eu.png" width="48" height="32" hspace="10" alt="EU" />
		</a>
              </th>
	   </tr>

           <tr>
              <th>Protocol</th>
              <th>Location</th>
           </tr>

           <tr>
             <td><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt">HTTP</a></td>
             <td><a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/">http://www.kernel.org/pub/</a></td>
           </tr>

           <tr>
             <td><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc959.txt">FTP</a></td>
             <td><a href="ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/">ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/</a></td>
           </tr>

           <tr>
             <td><a href="http://rsync.samba.org/">RSYNC</a></td>
             <td>rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/</td>
           </tr>
        </table>
     </td>
     </tr>
    </table>
  </div>
  <div id="bigredbutton">
<table id="brbtable" style="margin-top:14px">
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align:middle;text-align: center;" colspan="2">
        <font size="+1">
            <strong>Latest Stable Kernel:</strong>
        </font>
    </td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle;text-align: center;">
        <a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.34.tar.bz2">
            <img src="downloadarrow_small.png" width="48" height="48" border="0" alt="Download"/>
        </a>
    </td>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle;text-align: center;">
        <h3>
            <a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.34.tar.bz2">2.6.34</a>
        </h3>
    </td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
</p>

  </div>
  </div> <!-- end container -->
  <div style="clear: both;">
  </div>

  <div id="versions">

  <table class="kver">

<tr align="left">
    <td >linux-next:</td>
    <td ><strong>next-20100625</strong></td>
    <td >2010-06-25</td>
    <td ></td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/next/patch-v2.6.35-rc3-next-20100625.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/next/patch-v2.6.35-rc3-next-20100625.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td ></td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/next/linux-next.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td ></td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >snapshot:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.35-rc3-git1</strong></td>
    <td >2010-06-28</td>
    <td ></td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel//v2.6/snapshots/patch-2.6.35-rc3-git1.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel//v2.6/snapshots/patch-2.6.35-rc3-git1.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td ></td>
    <td ></td>
    <td ></td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >mainline:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.35-rc3</strong></td>
    <td >2010-06-12</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/linux-2.6.35-rc3.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/patch-2.6.35-rc3.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/patch-2.6.35-rc3.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/incr/patch-2.6.35-rc2-rc3.bz2">View Inc.</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/testing/ChangeLog-2.6.35-rc3">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >stable:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.34</strong></td>
    <td >2010-05-16</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.34.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.34.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.34.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td ></td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.34.y.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.34">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >stable:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.33.5</strong></td>
    <td >2010-05-26</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.33.5.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.33.5.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.33.5.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/incr/patch-2.6.33.4-5.bz2">View Inc.</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.33.y.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.33.5">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >stable:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.32.15</strong></td>
    <td >2010-06-01</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.32.15.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.32.15.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.32.15.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/incr/patch-2.6.32.14-15.bz2">View Inc.</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.32.y.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.32.15">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >stable:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.31.13</strong></td>
    <td >2010-04-01</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.13.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.31.13.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.31.13.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/incr/patch-2.6.31.12-13.bz2">View Inc.</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.31.y.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.31.13">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >stable:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.6.27.47</strong></td>
    <td >2010-05-26</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.27.47.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.27.47.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/patch-2.6.27.47.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/incr/patch-2.6.27.46-47.bz2">View Inc.</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.6.27.y.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.27.47">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

<tr align="left">
    <td >stable:</td>
    <td ><strong>2.4.37.9</strong></td>
    <td >2010-02-01</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/linux-2.4.37.9.tar.bz2">Full Source</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/patch-2.4.37.9.bz2">Patch</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/diff/diffview.cgi?file=/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/patch-2.4.37.9.bz2">View Patch</a>]</td>
    <td ></td>
    <td >[<a href="http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-2.4.37.y.git;a=summary">Gitweb</a>]</td>
    <td >[<a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/ChangeLog-2.4.37.9">Changelog</a>]</td>
</tr>

  </table>

  <p class="pvkey">
    Changelogs are provided by the kernel authors directly. Please
    don't write the webmaster about them.<br />
    <a href="diff/config.html">Customize the patch viewer</a>
  </p>
  </div>

  <h2 id="news">Site News</h2>
    <ul>
    <li class="newsitem">
    	<p>
    		April 2, 2010: Would like to thank everyone for putting up with, and hopefully enjoying
    		our little April Fools day joke this year.  The commentary from various outlets seems to 
    		have been generally positive.  If you're here and you didn't see it, a semi-permanent home
    		for it will now be at
    		<a href="http://userweb.kernel.org/~warthog9/april1/2010/">http://userweb.kernel.org/~warthog9/april1/2010/</a>.
    	</p>
    	<p>
    		We now return you to your regularly scheduled kernel.org, already in progress.
    	</p>
    </li>
    <li class="newsitem">
    	<p>
    		March 18, 2010: We would like to announce the general availability of SSL support for a
    		number of the services on kernel.org!  This should help provide an additional level of
    		security, in particular for our dynamic content like the wiki's, patchwork and bugzilla.
    		<br/>
    		<br/>
    	</p>
    	<p>
    		The certificates have been very graciously donated and signed by <a href="http://www.thawte.com/">Thawte</a>,
    		and we at kernel.org greatly appreciate their support of Open Source!  These signed certificates
    		make it trivial for our users to make use of this additional layer of security, and alleviates
    		a large amount of support effort that self-signed certificates would have incurred.
    		<br/>
    		<br/>
    	</p>
    	<p style="margin:22px 40px;padding:3px;color:#575757;padding: 0 50px;">
    		<i>
    		"Thawte is proud of its open source lineage.  Providing free certificates to community<br/>
    		projects is just a small way of not only supporting the community but returning the favor.<br/>
    		Please spread the word."
		</i>
    		<br/>
    		<br/>
    	</p>
    	<p>
    		Services that are now by default using SSL:
    		<ul>
    			<li>Bugzilla</li>
    			<li>Wikis</li>
    			<li>Account Requests</li>
    			<li>Patchwork</li>
    		</ul>
    		Services that have can optionally use SSL:
    		<ul>
    			<li>git.kernel.org</li>
    			<li>android.git.kernel.org</li>
    			<li>boot.kernel.org</li>
    			<li>www.kernel.org</li>
    		</ul>
    		Services that <b>DO NOT</b> offer SSL*:
    		<ul>
    			<li>mirrors.kernel.org</li>
    		</ul>
    	</p>
    	<p>
    		<font style="font-size: small;">* This is because the load on the servers would be too great to adequately
    		support the large amount of content offered there.</font>
    	</p>
    </li>
    <li class="newsitem">
    	<p>
    		March 18, 2010: Kernel.org would like to announce that we have, for the first time, been
    		accepted to the Google Summer of Code (GSoC) as a mentoring organization.  You can find our 
    		page at
    		<a href="http://socghop.appspot.com/gsoc/org/show/google/gsoc2010/kernelorg">http://socghop.appspot.com/gsoc/org/show/google/gsoc2010/kernelorg</a>
    		, or you can find our idea's page at <a href="https://korg.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Gsoc2010:ideas">https://korg.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Gsoc2010:ideas</a>.
    		<br/>
    		<br/>
    	</p>
    	<p>
    		Our goal, as an organization, is to focus on work relating to the operation and mirroring
    		infrastructure for kernel.org.  We are looking into projects working on boot.kernel.org to
    		new projects like the creation of a universal downloads statistics collector.  At this time
    		we don't have any Linux Kernel mentors or projects listed, however should a kernel developer
    		have a specific project they would like to mentor, and putting it under kernel.org makes sense
    		please contact ftpadmin or John 'Warthog9' Hawley, and we can discuss adding the project.
    		<br/>
    		<br/>
    	</p>
    	<p>
    		Prospective students should join #kernel.org on irc.freenode.net to discuss projects, and to 
    		interact with the community, as well as investigate the projects page we have listed.
    		<br/>
    		<br/>
    	</p>
    </li>
    <li class="newsitem">
    	<p>
    		September 21, 2009: We are proud to fully announce the opening and full availability of
    		<a href="http://boot.kernel.org">boot.kernel.org</a>.  boot.kernel.org is an internet 
    		based network bootable set of utilities, live images and network installers.  It's intended
    		to be a solid network bootable environment usable and for the masses.
    	</p>
    </li>
    <li class="newsitem">
    	<p>
    		December 31, 2008: <a href="http://patchwork.kernel.org">patchwork.kernel.org</a> is now available for
    		general use.  It is currently only monitoring the Linux Kernel mailing-list, but should be useful to kernel 
    		developers in dealing with patches flying across the wire.
    	</p>
    </li>
    <li class="newsitem">
        <p>
		September 19, 2008: mirrors.kernel.org has been flipped over to using our new GeoDNS based bind server (named-geodns).
		This means that, at the dns query level, our servers will attempt to direct you to the nearest / fastest kernel.org
		mirror for your request.  This means that you no longer have to use mirrors.us.kernel.org or mirrors.eu.kernel.org
		to generally route you to the right place.  This does mean a change to mirrors.kernel.org no longer explicitly
		pointing at mirrors.us.kernel.org.  Additional information on named-geodns will be forth coming, check back here for
		an addendum soon.
        </p>
    </li>
    <li class="newsitem">
      September 12, 2008: Thanks to
      a <a href="http://www.linux-foundation.org/weblogs/jzemlin/2008/09/11/linux-foundation-expands-fellowship-program-to-support-kernel-developers/">fundraising
      effort</a> by the <a href="http://www.linux-foundation.org/">Linux
      Foundation</a>, John "warthog9" Hawley will be joining
      kernel.org full time as administrator starting Monday, September
      15.  John has already been the primary administrator on a volunteer
      basis for the past three years, and will now be able to devote all his
      time toward kernel.org.
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
        <div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px;">
	  <a href="http://mirrors.eu.kernel.org/">
	  <img src="/flags/eu.png" width="48" height="32" alt="EU" />
	  </a>
        </div>

        <p>March 24, 2008: After far too long of a bringup,
	<a href="http://mirrors.eu.kernel.org/"><strong>mirrors.eu.kernel.org</strong></a> is
	now available.  Again thanks to	to <a href="http://www.hp.com/">Hewlett-Packard</a>, 
	<a href="http://www.isc.org/">ISC</a> and
	<a href="http://www.umu.se/">Umeå Universitet</a>, we now have a full complement of
	mirror servers in Amsterdam and Umeå.</p>

	<p>Huge thanks to HP for donating two additional DL585 G5's
	for this effort, and huge thanks to ISC and UMU for
	volunteering to host our servers!</p>
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
        <p>Aug 17, 2007: We have been recognized by the IRS as a
	<a href="nonprofit.html">501(c)3 nonprofit corporation</a>.</p>
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
        <div style="float: right; margin-left: 10px;">
	  <a href="http://www.eu.kernel.org/">
	  <img src="/flags/eu.png" width="48" height="32" alt="EU" />
	  </a>
        </div>

        <p>Jun 30, 2007: <strong>European servers!</strong>  Thanks
	to <a href="http://www.hp.com/">Hewlett-Packard</a>, 
	<a href="http://www.isc.org/">ISC</a> and
	<a href="http://www.umu.se/">Umeå Universitet</a>, we are
	introducing new kernel.org servers at ISC in Amsterdam and
	Umeå Universitet, Sweden.  These servers are available as a
	round-robin as <a href="http://www.eu.kernel.org/">www.eu.kernel.org</a>,
	<a href="ftp://ftp.eu.kernel.org/">ftp.eu.kernel.org</a>, and
	rsync.eu.kernel.org.</p>

	<p>Additionally, the
	hostnames <a href="http://www.all.kernel.org/">www.all.kernel.org</a>,
	<a href="ftp://ftp.all.kernel.org/">ftp.all.kernel.org</a>,
	and rsync.all.kernel.org are worldwide round-robins among all
	four servers.</p>

	<p>We hope to have Geo- or BGP-based IP directing in the
	future, and hope to soon provide additional services in
	Europe.</p>

	<p>Huge thanks to HP for donating two additional DL380 G5's
	for this effort, and huge thanks to ISC and UMU for
	volunteering to host our servers!</p>
    </li>
	
    <li class="newsitem">
        The bandwidth graphs have now moved
	<a href="http://cacti.kernel.org/graph_view.php?action=tree&amp;tree_id=2">here</a>.
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
        <p>May 20, 2007: <strong>New servers!</strong>
	We have received two new
	<a href="http://h10010.www1.hp.com/wwpc/us/en/sm/WF05a/15351-15351-3328412-241644-241475-1121516.html?jumpid=reg_R1002_USEN">DL380 G5</a>
	servers from <a href="http://www.hp.com/">Hewlett-Packard</a>.
	These servers are dual quad-core Xeon E5335 servers with 16 GB
	RAM per server, and 15000 RPM SAS disks.  These servers have
	replaced the old servers for all local-contents services (www,
	ftp, and rsync); the old servers are now dedicated to running
	<a href="http://mirrors.kernel.org/">mirrors.kernel.org</a>.</p>
	<p>Once again, thanks to HP for your continued support of
	kernel.org!</p>
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
        Mar 13, 2007: <strong>10 years of kernel.org!</strong>  The
        Linux Kernel archives were <a href="970313.08.txt">announced to the world on March 13,
        1997</a>.  Thanks to everyone that has made kernel.org
        possible over the years, our sponsors, staff volunteers and of
        course the Linux community for making it a worthwhile effort
        in the first place!
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
      Feb 4, 2006:
      <a href="http://www.hp.com/">Hewlett-Packard</a> has been kind
      enough to replace our internal master server with a brand new
      <a href="http://h18004.www1.hp.com/products/servers/proliantdl385/index.html">ProLiant&nbsp;DL385</a>
      with a dual-core Opteron&nbsp;275 and 4&nbsp;GB of RAM.  Once
      again, huge thanks to HP!
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
      Sep 30, 2005:
      By popular demand, there is now a <a href="/faq/">kernel.org FAQ</a>.
    </li>

    <li class="newsitem">
      Aug 21, 2003:
      Please don't use <strong>finger.kernel.org</strong> for any
      sort of automatic monitoring. The number of automatic bots
      hitting this port is causing the finger daemon to shut down
      more often than not. The same information is available from
      <a href="/kdist/finger_banner">http://www.kernel.org/kdist/finger_banner</a>.
    </li>
  </ul>

  <h2 id="mirrors">The Linux Kernel Archives Mirror System</h2>
  <p>To improve access for everyone, a number of
  sites around the world have provided mirrors of this site, which
  may be faster to use than the master archive itself. Please see
  <a href="/mirrors/"><strong>http://www.kernel.org/mirrors/</strong></a> for
  information about how to connect to a participating mirror site.</p>

  <p>To guard against Trojan mirror sites, all files originating at
  the Linux Kernel Archives are <a href="signature.html">cryptographically signed</a>. <em>If you are
  getting a message that the verification key has expired, please
  see <a href="signature.html#expire">this link.</a></em></p>

  <h2 id="whatislinux">What is Linux?</h2>
  <p>Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix,
  written from scratch by Linus Torvalds with assistance from a
  loosely-knit team of hackers across the Net. It aims towards
  POSIX and <a href="http://www.unix-systems.org/">Single UNIX
  Specification</a> compliance.</p>

  <p>It has all the features you would expect in a modern
  fully-fledged Unix, including true multitasking, virtual memory,
  shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables,
  proper memory management, and multistack networking including IPv4
  and IPv6.</p>

  <p>Although originally developed first for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or
  higher), today Linux also runs on (at least) the
  <a href="http://www.alphalinux.org/">Alpha AXP</a>,
  <a href="http://www.ultralinux.org/">Sun SPARC</a>,
  <a href="http://www.linux-m68k.org/">Motorola 68000</a>,
  <a href="http://penguinppc.org/">PowerPC</a>,
  <a href="http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/">ARM</a>,
  <a href="http://linux-sh.org/">Hitachi SuperH</a>,
  <a href="http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/linux390/">IBM S/390</a>,
  <a href="http://www.linux-mips.org/">MIPS</a>,
  <a href="http://www.parisc-linux.org/">HP PA-RISC</a>,
  Intel IA-64,
  <a href="http://www.x86-64.org/">AMD x86-64</a>,
  <a href="http://developer.axis.com/software/linux/">AXIS CRIS</a>,
  <a href="http://www.linux-m32r.org/">Renesas M32R</a>,
  <a href="http://www.avr32linux.org/">Atmel AVR32</a>,
  <a href="http://uclinux-h8.sourceforge.jp/">Renesas H8/300</a>,
  NEC V850,
  <a href="http://www.linux-xtensa.org/">Tensilica Xtensa</a>,
  and <a href="http://blackfin.uclinux.org/">Analog Devices Blackfin</a>
  architectures; for many of these architectures in both 32- and
  64-bit variants.</p>

  <p>Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit
  architectures as long as they have a paged memory management unit
  (PMMU) and a port of the GNU C compiler (gcc) (part of <a
  href="http://gcc.gnu.org/">The GNU Compiler Collection, GCC</a>). Linux
  has also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU,
  although functionality is then obviously somewhat limited. See the
  <a href="http://www.uclinux.org/">µClinux project</a> for more
  info.</p>

  <h2 id="newtolinux">New to Linux?</h2>

  <p>If you're new to Linux, you don't want to download the kernel,
  which is just a component in a working Linux system. Instead, you
  want what is called a <em>distribution</em> of Linux, which is a
  complete Linux system. There are numerous distributions available
  for download on the Internet as well as for purchase from various
  vendors; some are general-purpose, and some are optimized for
  specific uses. We currently have mirrors of several distributions
  available at <a href="http://mirrors.kernel.org/">mirrors.kernel.org</a>,
  as well as a small collection of special-purpose distributions at
  <a href="/pub/dist/">http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/</a>.</p>

  <p>Note, however, that most distributions are very large (several
  gigabytes), so unless you have a <a href="fast.html">fast Internet
  link</a> you may want to save yourself some hassle and purchase a
  CD-ROM with a distribution; such CD-ROMs are available from a number
  of vendors.</p>

  <p><a href="http://mirrors.kernel.org/LDP/HOWTO/Installation-HOWTO/">The
  Linux Installation HOWTO</a> has more information how to set up
  your first Linux system.</p>

  <h2 id="moreinfo">More Information</h2>
  <p>There is much <a href="links.html">information about Linux on the web</a>.</p>

  <h2 id="reportingbugs">Reporting Linux Kernel bugs</h2>
  <p>Please see <a href="/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html"><strong>http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html</strong></a>
  if you want to report a Linux kernel bug. <em>Bug reports sent to
  the kernel.org administrators will be ignored.</em></p>

  <p>There is now a bugzilla setup at <a href="https://bugzilla.kernel.org">bugzilla.kernel.org</a>.
  Currently this is for reporting kernel version 2.6 bugs only.</p>

  <h2 id="mailinglist">Mailing list</h2>
  <p>The Linux kernel is discussed on the
  <em>linux-kernel</em> mailing list at <a href="http://vger.kernel.org/"><em>vger.kernel.org</em></a>. The FAQ
  is available at <a href="/pub/linux/docs/lkml/"><strong>http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/</strong></a>,
  please read the FAQ before subscribing.</p>

  <p>Although there is no official archive site, unofficial
  archives of the list can be found at:</p>

  <ul>
    <li><a href="http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel"><strong>http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel</strong></a></li>
    <li><a href="http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/"><strong>http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/</strong></a></li>
  </ul>

  <h2 id="git">Development trees</h2>
  <p>The Linux kernel, as well as several other pieces of software,
  are maintained using the <a href="/pub/software/scm/git">git</a>
  source code control system.</p>

  <p>See <a href="http://git.kernel.org/">http://git.kernel.org/</a> for a list of
  git repositories on <em>kernel.org</em>.</p>

  <h2 id="crypto">Cryptographic Software</h2>
  <p>Due to U.S. Exports Regulations, all
  cryptographic software on this site is subject to the following
  legal notice:</p>

  <blockquote>
    This site includes publicly available
    encryption source code which, together with object code
    resulting from the compiling of publicly available source code,
    may be exported from the United States under License Exception
    "TSU" pursuant to 15 C.F.R. Section 740.13(e).
  </blockquote>

  <p>This legal notice applies to <em>cryptographic software
  only.</em> Please see the <a href="http://www.bis.doc.gov/">Bureau of Industry and Security</a> for
  more information about current U.S. regulations.</p>

  <p>Our servers are located in Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Palo Alto and San
  Francisco, California, USA; Amsterdam, Netherlands; and Umeå, Sweden.
  Use in violation of any applicable laws is prohibited.</p>

  <h2 id="contact">Comments</h2>
  <p>Before emailing kernel.org, please take a look at our
  <a href="/faq/">kernel.org FAQ</a>.</p>

  <p>For comments about <i>the web pages</i>, please send mail
  to <a href="mailto:webmaster@kernel.org"><i>webmaster@kernel.org</i></a>.</p>

  <p>For comments about <i>the file archive</i>, please send mail
  to <a href="mailto:ftpadmin@kernel.org"><i>ftpadmin@kernel.org</i></a>.</p>

  <p><b><i>Please do not send general Linux questions or bug
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